Uantification of polyphenolic compounds detected within the propolis from La Araucan Region. Compounds Caffeic acid Resveratrol Quercetin Apigenin Pinocembrin Galangin CAPE Sample P013 12.three 0 75.2 31.four 1006.four 75.5 532.CAPE, Caffeic acid phenetyl ester; Values expressed as mg mL-1.MIC, Minimum Inhibitory Concentration.In the tropics, poplars are seldom cultivated, so alternative plants are sources of propolis resin, as take place in Venezuela with all the flowers of Clusia minor (Tomas-Barber et al., 1993) and of Clusia rosea in Cuba (Cuesta Rubio et al., 1999). In both cases, flavonoids are minor propolis constituents, and also the key compounds are polyprenylated benzophenones. In Brazil, the propolis created according to botanical origin and chemical composition is from Hyptis divaricata, Baccharis dracunculifolia and Populus nigra (Salatino et al., 2005). In our study highlights the low penetration of plant structure from introduced plants that happen to be abundant in central and Southern Chile, and recognized producers of resins for the production of propolis, like Eucalyptus, Pynus, and Populus, the latter absent in all samples.Table three – Polyphenols detected in propolis samples from central and southern Regions of Chile by HPLC analysis. Sample P 001 P 002 P 003 P 004 P 005 P 006 P 007 P 008 P 009 P 010 P 011 P 012 P 013 P 014 P 015 P 016 P 017 P 018 P 019 P 020 Caffeic acid + + + n.d. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + Resveratrol n.d. n.d. + n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. + n.d. + + n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. n.d. Myricetin n.d. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + n.d. Quercetin + + + + n.d. + n.d. + n.d. + + n.d. + n.d. + + + + + + Kaempferol + + + + + + n.d. + + + + + + + + + + + n.d. n.d. Apigenin + + + + + + + + n.d. + + + + + + + + + + + Pinocembrin + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + CAPE + + + + n.d. + + + + + + + + + + + + + n.d. + Galangin + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +CAPE, Caffeic acid phenetyl ester; +, indicates presence; n.d., not detected.Barrientos et al.Figure 1 – A. Chromatogram of flavonols from a propolis sample: 1) Rutin (29.25), 2) myricetin (32.82) and quercetin (32.89), 3) kaempferol (34.79). B. Damaging ions HPLC-MS mass spectra of rutin identified in propolis sample P013.Koenig (1995) and Montenegro et al. (2001a) described Salix humboldtiana species and E. globulus among endemic and introduced plants, respectively, as the most frequent, located in an apiary network of central Chile. The botanical origin of propolis from central Chile has been determined previously by micro-morphological evaluation of pollen and epidermal attachments (Montenegro et al., 2001b). Having said that, spectrophotometer strategies, like the Folin Ciocalteu are amongst by far the most broadly utilised mainly because you will discover some authors who think about inaccurate this identification method, applied to propolis, because the pollen is produced in plant anatomical areas unique from where are extracted propolis resins, for instance buds and wounds of plants and trees.Buy2322869-99-6 Research with the biological activities of propolis need to thus be complemented by details about chemical composition and botanical supply with the sample, or at the very least mention it geographical origin, to ensure that these biological activities can be linked to the distinct sort of propolis (Koo et al.Palmitoylethanolamide site , 1999).PMID:33400792 The outcomes of chemical characterization of propolis samples by HPLC showed varying concentrations of caffeic acid, myricetin, quercetin, kaempferol, apigenin, pinocembrin, CAPE and galangin. The chemical chara.